Water-sprinkler systems appeared during the end of XIX century. Favorable results of protection forced inventors to pay serious attention to this kind of firefighting. Before the revolution of liability insurance, companies recognized the impact of fire sprinkler hydraulic calculations in factories to reduce losses.
A fire sprinkler is a device for extinguishing fires. Consists of an armature, with a pipe connected to a water pipe pressure. The pipe is closed with a cover subject by a glass capsule filled with a liquid whose boiling point is at a certain temperature (temperature trigger) which is subject against a disperser. When a fire occurs, the liquid boils and the steam breaks the capsule; the lid bounces, exits the water and crashes into the disperser sprinkling the burned area.
But also widely funded manufacturers in devices sprinkler installations in factories. By the beginning of revolution, there were about 400 factories and plants are protected by fire-extinguishing installations. After the revolution of production has been established. The sprinklers were more or less accurate in terms of size of individual parts, the overall design and materials, reproduction sprinklers system.
Fuse trip. The plug is held in position by a mechanism formed by two metal plates joined with a weld, with a melting point of carefully calibrated. In a blaze, the heat generated softens the solder, causing the water pressure acting on the cap and then disarm the system to skip the plug, allowing the escape of liquid. The water goes through the hole and strikes against a sheet, designed to distribute the jet way to rain (deflector). Each spray has its own fuse, so that only those sprinklers that are in zone of influence of trigger.
Therefore, in case of fire, after the destruction of temperature sensor, the lid remains tightly spray glued to the hull and the water from the system is not received. Such cases were reported in the fire at many places in USA. After that, the producers was conducted large-scale action to recall and replace all sprinklers with rubber sealing rings. In some countries the use of sprinklers with a rubber seal is prohibited.
According to statistics in case of activated fire sprinkler-systems 40% of the time the fire was extinguished by sprinklers, 80% of flames is extinguished when triggered no more than 10 sprinklers. On this basis, taking into account the area, protected by a single sprinkler (12 square meters is determined by the area, which is needed to irrigate the maximum flow of water sprinkler-system. For the first group space area is 120 square meters.
In protected space stretching combustible cord, which when blown open locks that hold the valve, the valve is released and the water flowed to a sprinkler. The device consisted of a cylindrical sealed tanks of about 95 tys.litrov system and 10-inch (250 mm) of the distribution of the aqueduct, covering all parts of the theater. Series of pipes of smaller diameter departed from the distribution pipes and were imbued with a number of half an inch (13 mm) holes through which poured water in case of fire. But the system was not automatic.
Another advantage of such a system is that the shot can be caused by smoke detection or detection of air ionization, since there are smoke detectors these extremes, while the temperature sensing function of temperature only. Its disadvantage is that, of course, is a more expensive installation.
A fire sprinkler is a device for extinguishing fires. Consists of an armature, with a pipe connected to a water pipe pressure. The pipe is closed with a cover subject by a glass capsule filled with a liquid whose boiling point is at a certain temperature (temperature trigger) which is subject against a disperser. When a fire occurs, the liquid boils and the steam breaks the capsule; the lid bounces, exits the water and crashes into the disperser sprinkling the burned area.
But also widely funded manufacturers in devices sprinkler installations in factories. By the beginning of revolution, there were about 400 factories and plants are protected by fire-extinguishing installations. After the revolution of production has been established. The sprinklers were more or less accurate in terms of size of individual parts, the overall design and materials, reproduction sprinklers system.
Fuse trip. The plug is held in position by a mechanism formed by two metal plates joined with a weld, with a melting point of carefully calibrated. In a blaze, the heat generated softens the solder, causing the water pressure acting on the cap and then disarm the system to skip the plug, allowing the escape of liquid. The water goes through the hole and strikes against a sheet, designed to distribute the jet way to rain (deflector). Each spray has its own fuse, so that only those sprinklers that are in zone of influence of trigger.
Therefore, in case of fire, after the destruction of temperature sensor, the lid remains tightly spray glued to the hull and the water from the system is not received. Such cases were reported in the fire at many places in USA. After that, the producers was conducted large-scale action to recall and replace all sprinklers with rubber sealing rings. In some countries the use of sprinklers with a rubber seal is prohibited.
According to statistics in case of activated fire sprinkler-systems 40% of the time the fire was extinguished by sprinklers, 80% of flames is extinguished when triggered no more than 10 sprinklers. On this basis, taking into account the area, protected by a single sprinkler (12 square meters is determined by the area, which is needed to irrigate the maximum flow of water sprinkler-system. For the first group space area is 120 square meters.
In protected space stretching combustible cord, which when blown open locks that hold the valve, the valve is released and the water flowed to a sprinkler. The device consisted of a cylindrical sealed tanks of about 95 tys.litrov system and 10-inch (250 mm) of the distribution of the aqueduct, covering all parts of the theater. Series of pipes of smaller diameter departed from the distribution pipes and were imbued with a number of half an inch (13 mm) holes through which poured water in case of fire. But the system was not automatic.
Another advantage of such a system is that the shot can be caused by smoke detection or detection of air ionization, since there are smoke detectors these extremes, while the temperature sensing function of temperature only. Its disadvantage is that, of course, is a more expensive installation.
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